frequency of mutation वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- Cancers have high levels of genome instability, associated with a high frequency of mutations.
- The frequency of mutations differs for various ethnicities, depending on the origin of the mutation.
- Among 20 cancers evaluated, mismatch repair deficient microsatellite instable ( MSI ) colon cancer had the second highest frequency of mutations ( after melanoma ).
- Epigenetic defects in DNA repair may thus contribute to the characteristic high frequency of mutations in the genomes of cancers, and cause their carcinogenic progression.
- When DNA repair is deficient DNA damages remain in cells at a higher than usual level and these excess damages cause increased frequencies of mutation or epimutation.
- Cancers also generally have genome instability, that includes a high frequency of mutations in the noncoding DNA that makes up about 98 % of the human genome.
- Among 20 cancers evaluated, microsatellite instable ( MSI ) colon cancer ( mismatch repair deficient ) had the second highest frequency of mutations ( after melanoma ).
- In cells stressed oxidatively, Colostrinin reduced the frequency of mutation induced by reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) to nearly background levels in a dose-dependent manner.
- Likewise, Colostrinin reduced the frequency of mutation caused by two mutagenic agents, methyl methane sulfonate and mitomycin-C, the latter often used in cancer chemotherapy.
- When expression of DNA repair genes is reduced, DNA damages accumulate in cells at a higher than normal level, and such excess damages cause increased frequencies of mutation.
- If genetic disorders are defined by the existence of deleterious alleles, then natural selection acting over evolutionary time would result in a lower frequency of mutations than are currently observed.
- Tuna and Amos have summarized the mutation frequencies per megabase ( Mb ) in some carcinomas, as shown in the table ( along with the indicated frequencies of mutations per genome ).
- When expression of DNA repair genes is reduced, DNA damages accumulate in cells at a higher than normal level, and these excess damages cause increased frequencies of mutation and / or epimutation.
- In outbred populations, the relative frequency of mutations in the four genes is alpha > > beta > > gamma > > delta in an 8 : 4 : 2 : 1 ratio.
- Cellular response to mannan in ASCA + peripheral blood lymphocytes could be inhibited by adding MBL, however, a high frequency of mutations in the MBL gene was found in ASCA + patients.
- In the more scaled-down 384-well plate microfluctuation method the frequency of mutation is counted as the number of wells out of 48 which have changed color after 2 days of incubation.
- In genetics, a "'mutagen "'is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA, of an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level.
- A high frequency of mutation of the G551D gene CFTR ( cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ), causing cystic fibrosis is found in the Czech Republic, Austria, and among the Celtic nations : Wales, Scotland, Cornwall, Ireland and Brittany.
- The high frequencies of mutations in the total nucleotide sequences within cancers suggest that often an early alteration in the field defects giving rise to a cancer ( e . g . yellow area in the diagram in this section ) is a deficiency in DNA repair.
- With a DNA repair deficiency, more DNA damages remain in cells at a higher than usual level ( 5th level from the top in figure ), and these excess damages cause increased frequencies of mutation and / or epimutation ( 6th level from top of figure ).
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